From A Short Practical Grammar of Hupa by Victor Golla, for the Hupa Language Program, Hoopa Valley Tribe, December 1985.
|
Subject |
Subject Prefix |
to pee |
to crap |
to pound (acorns) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I |
wh |
iwh-lich |
iwh-chwing |
iwh-tsit |
|
You |
n (l,m,ng) |
il-lich |
in-chwing |
in-tsit |
|
He/She |
ch'i |
ch'i-lich |
ch'i-chwing |
ch'i-tsit |
|
We |
di |
idi-lich |
idi-chwing |
idi-tsit |
|
You all |
'oh |
'oh-lich |
'oh-chwing |
'oh-tsit |
|
They |
ya' |
ya'-lich |
ya'chwing |
ya'-tsit |
Notice the verbs all have specific "stems". To pee has a verb stem of -lich. To crap has a verb stem of -chwing. To pound has a verb stem of -tsit.
The "You" form can take any of these sounds: n, l, m, ng.
The subject is determined by a piece of the word such as wh, ch'i, di, ...
Verbs in this pattern are the least complex Hupa Verbs.